Dishwashing machine



W 25, 1956 P. P. BAZARNIC DISHWASHING MACHINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Nov. 22. 1954 m M E V m 25, 1956 P. P. BAZARNIC DISHWASHING MACHINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 22. 1954 United States Patent DISHWASHING MACHINE Peter P. Bazarnic, Menomonie, Wis.

Application November 22, 1954, Serial No. 470,360

8 Claims. (Cl. 134-110) This invention relates to dishwashing machines and more particularly to a combined surge and splash type machine.

In my Patent No. 2,636,504 there is disclosed and claimed a dishwashing machine in which vertically oscillating displacers create a combined surging and splashing action. Experience with this machine indicates that it provides an unusually effective washing action. However, in efforts to produce greater capacity with the use of less water, the water level has been reduced and the basket size has been made larger with the result that articles in the upper part of the basket or tub may not be fully cleaned.

The present invention has for one of its objects the provision of a combined surge and splash type machine in which all of the articles in the tub are eifectively cleaned with the use of a minimum amount of water.

Another object is to provide a dishwashing machine in which the water is constantly recirculated and is directed over the oscillating displacers to create a splash over the entire volume of the chamber, thereby to clean all of the articles effectively.

According to one feature of the invention, a relatively large volume of water is recirculated and is filtered during its recirculation.

Still another object is to provide a dishwashing machine in which the recirculated water is directed through a filter and the water discharged from the tub is directed across the surface of the filter to clean.

A still further object is to provide a dishwashing ma chine in which the water supply connection is vented through a simple structure to prevent siphoning.

According to one feature of the invention, the same vent structure may serve also to vent the recirculating system.

The above and other objects and features of the invention will be more readily apparent from the following de scription when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation with parts broken away and in section of a dishwashing machine embodying the invention;

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the machine with parts broken away and in section; and

Figure 3 is a partial section on the line 3-3 of Figure 2.

The dishwashing machine as shown comprises a cabinet indicated generally at which may be rectangular or of any other desired shape. The cabinet as illustrated is mounted on casters 11 to be portable, although it could, if desired, be permanently mounted. The cabinet is open at the top and is closed by a hinged cover 12 hinged adjacent the rear of the cabinet and adapted to open from the front thereof. A plunger 13 may hold the cover in elevated position during the drying operation.

The cabinet holds an open topped tub 14 which is preferably sealed at its upper end in the top of the cabinet and is accessible when the door 12 is opened for inser- Patented Sept. 25, 1956 tion and removal of dishes and other articles to be washed. The door preferably closes the top of the tub to prevent splashing of water therefrom. A rack 15 is mounted in the tub and is shaped to support articles to be washed, such as dishes 16, silverware, pots and pans and the like. As best seen in Figure 2, the basket is spaced at its sides from the sides of the tub to leave open spaces 17 between the sides of the basket and the sides of the tub in which displacers may move.

The tub is adapted to contain a liquid detergent such as water and soap or other cleaning compound to a depth approximately as shown. It will be noted that the dishes or other articles to be Washed in the lower part of the basket are partially submerged in the detergent, and that articles carried by the upper part of the basket are near the top of the tub well above the level of the detergent. In order to clean the articles held by the basket, an arm 18 is pivotally mounted at 19 on the back wall of the basket and carrie at its ends outwardly extending displacers 21, which are adapted to oscillate vertically in the spaces 17. The pivot 19 extends into an oscillating drive mechanism indicated at 20 which oscillates the pivot 19 and causes the displacers 21 to oscillate vertically adjacent the sides of the tub 14. As best shown in Figure 2 the displacers have concavely curved upper surfaces which may act as pockets to pick up detergent from the tub and throw it over the articles held by the basket. At the same time downward movement of the displacers into the detergent will cause a surging thereof from side to side in the tub to wash across the submerged portion of the dishes to clean them effectively. Thus in this machine the articles are cleaned by a combined surging and splashing action similar to that of my Patent No. 2,636,504.

According to the present invention water is adapted to be supplied to the tub through a hose 22 which can be connected to a conventional source of water under pressure. The hose 22 as best seen in Figure 3 directs the water through a nozzle 23 under the control of an electrically operated inlet valve 24 into a vent housing 25 secured to the outer wall of the tub near the top thereof. The vent housing 25 has a restricted vent at 26 to atmosphere and communicates through an opening or port 27 with an inlet chamber 28 communicating with the interior of the tub. Thus when the valve 24 is opened, water will be directed through the nozzle 23 into the vent housing 25 and will flow therefrom through the port 27 and the inlet chamber 28 into the tub. The vent 26 will positively prevent any siphoning by connecting the uppermost part of the liquid inlet system to atmosphere.

Water is also adapted to be supplied to the tub through a manifold 29 extending horizontally across the rear wall of the tub and communicating therewith through spaced nozzles 31 at the ends of the manifold. As best seen in Figure 3, the manifold may receive a certain amount of fresh water from the inlet system when the valve 24 is open and may be vented by providing a restricted passage 32 connecting the manifold to the inlet chamber 28. It will be seen from Figure 3 that the vent chamber 25 and manifold 29 may be formed as a single unit and may be attached to the outside of the tub wall as a unit to provide the desired vented inlet, the desired vented recirculating manifold and the venting communication therebetween in an extremely simple manner.

Water from the tub is adapted to be circulated through the manifold and the inlet ports 31 constantly during the operation of the washing machine. For this purpose a recirculating pump 33 is provided driven by an electric motor 34. The lower end of the tub is open and is provided with a cylindrical filter housing extension 35 having a bottom outlet opening 36 and a side outlet opening 37. A cylindrical filter screen 38 is adapted to fit into the filter housing 35 and may have a coarsely perforated top plate 39 formed with a peripheral flange 41 to seat against the bottom of the tub around the opening therein. The perforated plate 39 will allow all soil on the articles being cleaned to pass therethrough into the filter, but will stop larger articles such as articles of silverware from passing therethrough. At its lower edge the screen 38 seats against the conical bottom of the housing 35 as seen in Figure 1 so that all liquid flowing out the side outlet 37 must pass through the filter screen. The bottom of the filter screen may be secured by a plate 42 having coarse perforations therethrough.

The inlet of the pump 33 is connected to the side outlet 37 by a hose 43, and the outlet of the pump 33 is connected through a hose or conduit 44 to the manifold 29 as shown. Thus when the pump is running liquid detergent will be constantly withdrawn from the tub through the screen 38 which will remove any solid particles therefrom and be discharged into the tub through the nozzles 31.

According to one feature of the invention the nozzles 31 are positioned directly above the displacers 21 so that liquid discharging from these nozzles will strike the displacers and be deflected thereby over the articles in the basket 15. Since the displacers are constantly operating vertically during operation of the machine, the recirculated liquid will strike them at different levels and Will be deflected over different portions of the tub interior. In this way all of the articles in the tub will be subjected to splash and will be thoroughly cleaned. In this connection it may be noted that the pump 33 is a relatively large volume pump so that the water and detergent will be circulated at a high rate to produce a heavy splashing action to clean the articles. At the same time the water will be filtered quickly so that solids will be removed therefrom and from the tub by the filter and cannot be carried back onto the dishes.

To empty the detergent from the tub at the end of a washing operation, a second pump 45 is provided driven by a motor 46. The inlet of the pump 45 is connected through a hose 47 to the bottom outlet 36 of the filter housing 35 and the outlet of the pump is connected to a hose 48 which may extend through the back of the cabinet to direct the used liquid to waste. The motors and. inlet valve may be automatically controlled to perform a washing cycle by an automatic cycling switch 49 accessible for setting through the top of the cabinet.

During a washing and recirculating operation solid material in the liquid will be collected on the inside of the screen 38 and will be held on the screen by the flow of liquid therethrough. During draining of the tub the liquid will flow straight through the screen 38 through the bottom 42 and will wash collected solids from the surface of the screen and carry them away through the drain. The screen is thus substantially self-cleaning so that upon completion of a washing operation no cleaning of the machine or parts thereof is required.

While one embodiment of the invention has been shown and described herein, it will be understood that it is illustrative only and not to be taken as a definition of the scope of the invention, reference being had for this purpose to the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

l. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub adapted to contain detergent liquid, rack means in the tub to hold articles to be cleaned partially above and partially below the level of liquid in the tub, displacers oscillatable vertically in the ends of the tub to cause the liquid to surge in the tub and to carry liquid up over articles above the liquid level in the. tub, and liquid circulating means having an inlet connected to the lower part of the tub and liquid discharge nozzles in the upper part of the tub vertically above the uppermost: positions of the displacers, to discharge liquid downwardly onto the 4 displacers when they are above the level of liquid in the tub.

2. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub adapted to contain detergent liquid, rack means in the tub to hold articles to be cleaned partially above and partially below the level of liquid in the tub, displacers oscillatable vertically in the ends of the tub to cause the liquid to surge in the tub and to carry liquid up over articles above the liquid level in the tub, a liquid circulating pump having its inlet connected to the lower portion of the tub, a strainer between the tub and the pump inlet to remove solids from the circulating liquid, and a discharge conduit for the. pump terminating in discharge nozzles in the upper part of the tub vertically above the uppermost positions of the displacers to discharge liquid downwardly onto the displacers when they are above the level of liquid in the tub.

3, A dishwashing machine comprising a tub adapted to contain detergent liquid, rack means in the tub to hold articles to be cleaned partially above and partially below the level of liquid in the tub, displacers oscillatable vertically in the ends of the tub to cause the liquid to surge in the tub and to carry liquid up over articles above the liquid level in the tub, a liquid circulating pump having its inlet connected to the lower portion of the tub, a strainer between the tub and the pump inlet to remove solids from the circulating liquid, and a discharge manifold in the upper parttof the tub vertically above the uppermost positions of the displacers and connected to the pump outlet and having nozzles therein vertically above the displacers to discharge liquid down onto the displacers.

4. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub adapted to contain detergent liquid, rack means in the tub to hold articles to be cleaned partially above and partially below the level of liquid in the tub, displacers oscillatable vertically in the ends of the tub to cause the liquid to surge in the tub and to carry liquid up over articles above the liquid level in the tub, a liquid circulating pump having its inlet connected to the lower portion of the tub, a strainer between the tub and the pump inlet to remove solids from the circulating liquid, a discharge conduit for the pump terminating in discharge nozzles in the upper part of the tub vertically above the uppermost positions of the displacers to discharge liquid downwardly onto the displacers when they are above the level of liquid in the tub, and a conduit for emptying the tub connected to the strainer to draw liquid from the tub across the inlet side of the strainer to clean it.

5. In a dishwashing machine, a tub adapted to contain a detergent liquid, a filling opening for the tub near the top thereof, a vent housing open at its top to atmosphere and communicating near its bottom with the filling opening, a liquid supply conduit connected to the vent housing to supply liquid thereto, a manifold extending across the upper part of the tub and having restricted,

communication with the vent housing, a nozzle connecting the manifold to the interior of the tub, and means separate from the vent housing and liquid supply conduit to supply liquid to the manifold to discharge therefrom through the nozzle into the tub.

6. In a dishwashing machine, a tub adapted to contain a detergent liquid, a filling opening for the tub near the top thereof, a vent housing secured to the tub near the top thereof having its top open to atmosphere and communicating near its bottom with the filling opening, a liquid supply conduit connected to the vent housing to supply liquid thereto, a manifold extendinghorizontally across the upper part of the tub beneath the vent housing and communicating at its ends with the tub interior, a second liquid supply conduit connected to the central portion. of the manifold, to supplyliquid thereto, and means establishing restricted communication between the central portion of the manifold and the vent housing.

7. In a dishwashing machine, a tub adapted to contain a detergent liquid, a filling opening for the tub near the top thereof, a vent housing secured to the tub near the top thereof having its top open to atmosphere and communicating near its bottom with the filling opening, a liquid supply conduit connected to the vent housing to supply liquid thereto, a manifold extending horizontally across the upper part of the tub beneath the vent housing and communicating at its ends with the tub interior, a pump having its inlet connected to the lower part of the tub and its outlet connected to the manifold to recirculate liquid from the tub through the manifold, and means establishing restricted communication between the manifold and the vent housing.

8. A dishwashing machine comprising a tub adapted to contain detergent liquid, rack means in the tub to hold articles to be washed in spaced relation therein, displacers oscillatable vertically in the ends of the tub, means to oscillate the displacers, a vent housing secured to the upper part of the tub at one side thereof having its top open to atmosphere and communicating near its bottom with the interior of the tub, means to supply liquid to the vent housing to flow therefrom into the tub, a manifold extending along said one side of the tub beneath the vent housing, means establishing restricted communication between the manifold and the vent housing, a circulating pump having its inlet connected to the lower part of the tub and its outlet connected to the manifold, and a pair of nozzles connected to the ends of the manifold and discharging into the tub above the displacers respectively to direct liquid downward onto the displacers.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,105,561 Hershey July 28, 1914 1,597,361 Hazard Aug. 24, 1926 1,645,815 Murdoch Oct. 18, 1927 1,690,974 Hazard Nov. 6, 1928 2,250,974 Stoddard July 29, 1941 2,512,452 Wilson June 20, 1950 2,636,504 Bazarnic Apr. 28, 1953 2,655,024 Sway Oct. 13, 1953 

